West's rank devices change from Specialist during his welcome speech to the trainees, to Master Sergeant before the mission. This change also happens at other random points in the film.
Although all the interrogations take place over the course of one night, the clock on the wall of the room shows three different times of day, out of order.
At the beginning of the movie they are flying in an American Eurocopter EC120. When they show a close-up they are in an American Eurocopter AS350 "A-Star".
Before following Hardy in her Hummer, Osborne is shown in the driver's seat wearing a jacket, which has disappeared once she sets the vehicle in motion.
Just before Hardy and Osborne get out of the car to go and see Kendall in Hospital, Hardy removes his jacket and throws in to the back on the car. Once inside the hospital, Hardy has his Jacket on again.
Osborne states that US Army records do not show race, which would make it very easy for Pike and Dunbar to switch dog tags as shown. Not only is this completely false, but by 2003 basic screening requirements for anyone enlisting in the US Army also included fingerprinting, dental x-rays, and providing a blood sample for DNA records. Even if both Pike and Dunbar had enlisted prior to this requirement going into effect, as graduates of the Ranger School and current students in the Jungle Warfare School they would both have had to undergo a background investigation for a security clearance, which would include fingerprinting at a minimum.
The bullet holes in the roof of the hut are as big as quarters, and so are possibly too large for the rifles' caliber of 5.56mm Nato.
After Obourne kills Col. Styles, she is interviewed and then proceeds to follow Hardy back to Section 8, where she draws her service weapon and threatens to kill him. In actuality S.O.P. of any law enforcement agency since the days of the old west, would be to confiscate the alleged murder weapon as evidence.
At the movie's beginning, we're told that the training exercise happens on November 2nd, "The Day of the Dead". The interrogation probably happens the same day or next, but when we meet Tom Hardy he is being told by a passing girl "It's Carnival, come on". Carnival happens before Lent, typically in February.
Strange hurricane. Hurricanes pack WIND, this was just dense tropical rain. And - a hurricane in November? OK, the Dry Season in Panama starts in December and lasts through April. But it's a bit late in the season.
Ranger Training is conducted by the Ranger Training Brigade, who wear a scroll patch similar to the 75th Ranger Regiment. MSG West, their trainer, was wearing a patch from the 193rd Infantry Brigade. The Jungle Operations Training Center in Panama was not part of the US Army Ranger School or the Ranger Training Brigade, but did have administrative ties to the 193rd Infantry Brigade.
When Osborne is driving the Hummer during the rain, she moves her hands as though to take a bend, but the steering wheel stays in the same position.
Right before Kendall talks about being the victim of a hate-crime during his narration, strobes that generate the lightning flashes can be seen firing above in the trees as Castro is shooting at targets.
In the scene where the soldiers are shooting at West on the roof of the shack, a squib can be seen going off late after the sound of the shooting has stopped.
After interviewing Kendall, while Osbourne is driving the Humvee she motions as if she is turning the steering wheel. The steering wheel does not move indicative of the spokes.
When the doctor is in the jail cell waiting for transport, his lips do not match the words he's singing ("nobody ever had to scratch my back").
Just after the introduction of Hardy and Osborne, as Hardy is walking towards the door saying, "That's one way to put it," his lips are not moving.
When West throws Pike's backpack off the cliff and down into the jungle, a hand is briefly seen on a tree stem in the left of the picture just as the pack lands.
During the first platoon inspection scene, Sergeant West is wearing Specialist rank on his uniform collar, four ranks lower than the Master Sergeant ranks he is wearing on the epaulets of his sweater.
Dunbar's note during the opening sequence has "-body" misspelled twice as "-boy".
Why is Sergeant West wearing Specialist rank? West is walking in front his group making comments and demanding Hooah Sergeant. He stops and asks Pike for his side arm. Plainly visible on West's collar is the subdued Specialist Rank. Specialists are E-4s and never called Sergeant.
Osborne opens Dunbar's note to read it, and then misreads "somebody" as "someone" and "anybody" as "anyone".
West wears a sweater called a "wooly pully" along with a cape. As a seasoned Army NCO, he would never wear such a sweater in the pouring rain. It gets heavy when wet and would be unbearable.