When Mallory states that many of the world's greatest detectives were "on the spectrum", she cites two examples: Sherlock Holmes and Daryl Zero. The latter is the reclusive detective played by Bill Pullman in the film Zero Effect (1998).
Ray's pistols are named Liza and Barbra. This most likely stands for Liza Minnelli and Barbra Streisand.
When Cryil yells at Cheryl for burning the bogus check because they might want to check for fingerprints, Cheryl questions, "Who am I; Alphonse Bertillon?" Bertillon was a 19th century French policeman. He used anthropometry (i.e., measurements of specific physical characteristics) as a crime-solving technique. He was the first in Europe to use fingerprints to solve a crime.
Lana calls Archer, who is hiding in the trunk of the limousine, "Fran Trunkington". This is a reference to Fran Tarkenton, the great NFL quarterback who played 18 seasons for the Minnesota Vikings and New York Giants in the 1960s and '70s.
Rays asks, "Well, did you see Lana? Hey, Earl Campbell called, he wants his thighs back." He's referring to the NFL running back who was the Offensive Player of the Year for 3 straight years (1978-1980) while playing for the Houston Oilers.